Musical instrument



No.'6l4,886. Patented Nov. 29. I898.

R. W. PAIN.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

(Application filed Oct. 15, 1897.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

- I I i" WITNESSES: INVENTOR 2 72oz? Mfaz'w m ///.s' ATTORNEY m: NomnsPETERS co. wnoro umou wxsummou. n. c.

No. 6l4,886. Patented'N'ov. 29, I898.

12. W. PAIN. MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

(Application filed Oct. 15, 1897.)

2 Sheats-S heet 2.

(No Model.)

WITNESSES: I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT IV. PAIN, OF NEI/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE AEOLIAN COMPANY,OF CONNECTICUT. I

M USICAL INSTRUIVI ENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 614,886, dated November29, 1898.

Application filed October 15, 1897. Serial No. 655,305. (No od l.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. PAIN, of New York, in the county and Stateof New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inMusical Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

I will describe my invention in detail and then point out the novelfeatures in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation ofportions of an organ embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a sectionalelevation of the same upon a larger scale and in a plane at right anglesto that of Fig. 1, as indicated by the dotted line 2 2, Fig. 1, the Viewbeing taken as indicated by the arrows at the ends of said dotted line.Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation upon the same scale as Fig. 2, the planeof the section being indicated by the dotted line 3 3, Fig. 1, and

the view being taken as indicated by the arrows at the ends of saiddottedline.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in allfigures.

I will premise that my invention has been illustrated in connection withparts intended for use with a suction-bellows and with reeds for thesound-producing devices and a traveling music-sheet for controlling theoperation of the parts.

A designates reed-cells opening at one end to the atmosphere and havingnear the other end an opening into chambers B. In these cells are reedsC of ordinary construction. The chambers B are controlled by valves D asto their communication with an exhaust-chamber E. Any suitable system ofexhaust-bellows and equalizers may be combined with the chamber E.. Ashere shown, the chamber E is provided with an opening 6, whereby it maybe connected with such devices.

The valves D are shown as connected to a bar F, and the latter ispivotally connected with radius-bars F these radius-bars bein pivotallyconnected by pins or screws f to any suitable support in theexhaust-chamber E-as, for example, to an upright bar F. Owing to thismethod of supporting the bar F, any upward movement will cause amovement of the valves D away from the ends of the chambers B, and anydownward movement will cause a movement of the valves in the reversedirection. As theradius-bars are of such length that they will notdescend to a horizontal position when the valves close the chambers, adownward movement of the bar F will cause the radius-bars to operatewith a toggle-like action to effect a forcible closure of the valves.

Preferably the valves will not be connected rigidly with the bar F, butflexibly by some suitable meansas, for instance, by a piece f offlexible material glued to the opposite faces of the bar and the valves.Soft leather or analogous material will be found serviceable for thispurpose. The direction in which the power is applied through the bar Fto move the valves D toward and from their seats also adds to theefficiency with which the valves may be operated.

The bar F is moved up and down by means of pneumatic motors G G which,as here shown, are made in the form of small bellows and have theirmovable boards connected with a rod G, that extends to the bar F. Ashere shown, the rod G is screw-threaded adjacent the movable boards ofthe motors G G and fitted with pieces of leather g, that engage thescrew-threads, so as to have the function of nuts. A pair of these nutsis arranged on opposite sides of a toe orprojection of the movableboards of the motors G G At the upper end the rod G is screw-threadedand provided with a similar pair of nuts for engaging it with a yoke g,that is pivotally c011- nected to the bar F, preferably about mid waybetween its ends, by means of pins or screws g A pivotal connectionintermediate the bar F and the motors G G is desirable, because of themovement of these parts in arcs of a circle.

A chamber II is arranged intermediate the motors G G and is incommunication with the exhausting devices. A simple way of providing forthis communication is to connect such chamber by means of a pipe h withthe exhaust-chamber E.

It will of course have been understood that the exhaust-chamber E may becommon to a number of sets of reeds, and it is equally true that thechamber I-I may be common to a number of motors G 13. Of course there 7'but extends down to a motor K.

will for every set of reeds be a corresponding set of valves D, bar F,motors G G", and eonnecting parts.

For each motor G there will be a passage I, suitable for establishingcommunication between the interior of such motor and the chamber II.There will be a similar passage I intermediate the chamber H and eachmotor G As here shown, a board 7 is arranged upon one side of thechamber H, and a board i is arranged upon the other side, and thepassages I l are formed by suitably channeling such boards.

In the chamber II for every pair of motors G G and channels I 1 therewill be a pair of valves J J the valve J being for the purpose ofcontrolling the communication of the chamber II with the passage 1 andmotor G and the valve J for controlling communication between the motorG and channel I with the chamber 11. It will be observed that the valvesJ J 2 are so spaced that when one is closed the other will be open. Thechannel I has an opening '5, by which it may communicate with theatmosphere, and the channel l has a similar opening '6" for the samepurpose. Adjacent to the openings 1' i are valves J J. All the valves JJ J J" must operate in unison, because when the valve J openscommunication between the chamber II and the channel I belonging to themotor G it is necessary that the valve J 3 belonging to the same channeland motor shall be closed, and vice versa. These statements applyequally to the valves J J, which cooperate with the channel I belongingto the motor G A convenient way of securing the proper relativeoperation of the valves is to mount them all upon one rod J. Thesevalves may be made of disks of leather engaging with screwthreads on therod J. The rod J may be secured in bars j 7' attached to the boards 2"2' and recessed suitably to accommodate the valves J 3 J As here shown,the rod J does not merely pass through holes in the bars j This motor Kconsists of a chamber 7.1, across which is arranged a flexible diaphragmFrom this diaphragm a rod k extends upwardly from the chamber 71:.Outside the chamber it is shown as provided with a disk or head If.Preferably the rod M will be screwthreaded for engagement with the diskor head 70 and the latter will be made of leather to adjustably engagesuch screw-thread.

In the present example of my invention the rod J is screw-threaded atits lower end and provided with a disk or knob j", of leather, whichcontacts with the disk or head 7& of the motor K. It must be understoodthat there will be a motor K for each pair of motors G G andconsequently for each set of valves D and reeds.

The motor K has a by-pass or equalizingpassage 70, communicating withthe chamber 7|), upon opposite sides of the diaphragm 75. Its upperportion communicates by means of a pipe 70 with the chamber II.Preferably this by-pass may be adjusted as to capacity by means of ascrew kiextendin g transversely into it. The lower part of the chamber7; communicates by means of a pipe or passagel with one of the ducts mof a tracker-board M, over which a perforated music-sheet travels.According to whether an imperforate or a perforate portion of themusic-sheet happens to be passing over any particular duct m of thetracker-board M the diaphragm 7V" of the mo tor K will occupy one oranother of its two positions, and consequently the valves J J 2 J 3 Jwill be differently positioned to cause a different operation of themotors G G and valves D. In Fig. 1 the various parts are illustrated inthe position which they will occupy while an imperforate portion of themusic-sheet is traveling over the ducts m of the tracker-board M. Atsuch time communication between the lower part of the chamber 7c of themotor K and the atmosphere will be cut off or stopped. The by-pass 70will permit the diaphragm 7a to descend by its gravity and that of itsappurtenant parts.

The incidental shifting of the valves J J 2 J 3 J will establishcommunication, as shown in Fig. 1, between the channel I of the motor Gand the atmosphere, the communication of such motor with the chamber IIbeing simultaneously cut off. Thus this motor will be put in conditionto be expanded as the internal and external pressures balance eachother. The motor G will pull down the rod G and cause the expansion ofthe motor G because the shifting of its valves J J establishedcommunication between it and the chamber 11 and cut off itscommunication with the atmosphere, leaving, of course, the full force ofatmospheric pressure upon the outside of the movable board as againstthe reduced pressure of the exhaust-chamber E upon the inside. Thus itwill be seen that the valves D will be forced against the ends of thechambers B with the full force of the motor G, and also with thatadditional elliciency due to the application of the force of the motorsthrough the radius-bars F.

lVhenever a perforation of the music-sheet passes over the duct m of thetracker-board M, air will flow through said duct to the passage l andthence into the chamber 7; of the motor K beneath the diaphragm 70. Asthe upper portion of this chamber is in constant communication with thechamber II, and consequently with the exhaust-chamber E, the diaphragm70 will be moved upwardly, and will thus serve to shift the valves J J 2J 3 J into their reversed positions. This change in the position ofthese valves will cut oil": communication between the interior of themotor G and the atmosphere and establish a communication between it andthe chamber H. Simultaneously the communication of the motor G with thechamber II will be cut off and it will be put into communication withthe atmosphere.

An upward movement ICC of the rod G will result, and that will cause thevalves D to be opened.

My reference to parts as arranged one above another or as moving in anyparticular directions is not material, because the combination of partsis such that they may be operated in any desired positions.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a musical instrument, the combination with an exhaust-chamber, asound-producing device connected therewith, a valve for controlling thesoundproducing device, a pneumatic motor positively operated in twodirections and having a connection with said valve for positivelycontrolling its movement, means for operating said motor and aperforated sheet for controlling said means, substantially as described.

2. In a musical instrument, the combination with an exhaust-chamber, asound-producing device connected therewith, a valve for controlling saiddevice, said valve being located in said exhaust-chamber and hinged toone end of a pivoted and normally-inclined lever, a pneumatic motoroutside of the exhaust-chamber positively acting in two directions, anda rod connection between said lever carrying the valve and motor, saidrod having a hinge connection with the lever whereby when the motor isoperated to close the valve a firm seating can be secured for the valve,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT W. PAIN.

\Vitnesses:

M. WILSON, GEORGE H. RAYMOND.

